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2-8°C. Do not freeze.", "Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Storage Conditions (Product)" }, { "Name": "Intended Use", "Value": "Anti-Epithelial Related Antigen (MOC-31) Mouse Monoclonal Primary Antibody is intended for laboratory use in the qualitative immunohistochemical detection of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) by light microscopy in sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained on a BenchMark IHC/ISH instrument.

This product should be interpreted by a qualified pathologist in conjunction with histological examination, relevant clinical information, and proper controls.

This antibody is intended for in vitro diagnostic (IVD) use.  ", "Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Intended Use" }, { "Name": "Content", "Value": "Anti-Epithelial Related Antigen (MOC-31) antibody contains sufficient reagent for 50 tests.

One 5 mL dispenser of anti-Epithelial Related Antigen (MOC-31) antibody contains approximately 0.5 μg of a mouse monoclonal antibody.

The antibody is diluted in Tris-HCl with carrier protein and 0.10% ProClin 300, a preservative. Specific antibody concentration is approximately 0.1 μg/mL.

There is no known non-specific antibody reactivity observed in this product. Anti-Epithelial Related Antigen (MOC-31) antibody is a mouse monoclonal antibody produced as cell culture supernatant.

Refer to the appropriate VENTANA detection kit method sheet for detailed descriptions of: Principle of the Procedure, Material and Methods, Specimen Collection and Preparation for Analysis, Quality Control Procedures, Troubleshooting, Interpretation of Results, and Limitations.", "Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Content" }, { "Name": "Background Information", "Value": "Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) is a type 1 transmembrane superficial glycoprotein encoded by the EPCAM gene located on chromosome 2p21.¹ EpCAM mediates calcium-independent cell-cell interaction.² However, it is not structurally related to any of the four major families of adhesion proteins: cadherins, selectins, integrins, and the immunoglobulins.³ The EpCAM protein consists of a large N-terminal extracellular domain, a single transmembrane domain, and a short C-terminal cytoplasmic domain.² The extracellular domain facilitates the adhesions between epithelial cells.⁴ EpCAM also interacts with various adhesion proteins such as CD44, claudins, and E-Cadherin.⁵

In addition to adhesion, EpCAM has numerous roles in various biological processes including signaling, migration, proliferation, and differentiation.^2,6 EpCAM is an important cell-signaling molecule that controls four independent pathways: nPKC-dependent pathway, Wnt signal pathway, ERas/AKT pathway, and a pathway that regulates cell proliferation.^6,7 EpCAM also increases cell motility and migration by disrupting the link between α-catenin and actin filaments causing a reduction in cell-cell adhesion.^2,6,8 Studies show that EpCAM increases the proliferation of tumor cell lines. However, it remains to be determined if EpCAM directly activates components of cell cycle machinery or if EpCAM-activated proliferation is a secondary effect through repression, apoptosis, elevation of cell metabolism, or interruption of anti-proliferative signals.^9,10,11 Lastly, EpCAM plays an essential role in differentiation during morphogenesis and tissue regeneration.¹²

EpCAM is expressed in epithelial tissues at the lateral and basal membrane of cells as well as neoplasms derived from these tissue types.^2,3 Expression levels of EpCAM vary between different organs and cell types.^2,5 Strong immunoreactivity for EpCAM can be found in adult epithelia of the colon, small intestine, pancreas, liver, gall bladder, and endometrium. In most cases, EpCAM expression is positively correlated with proliferating cells and negatively correlated with more differentiated areas.^2,5

Detection of EpCAM by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with the Anti-Epithelial Related Antigen (MOC-31) Mouse Monoclonal Primary Antibody (anti-Epithelial Related Antigen (MOC-31) antibody) may be used to aid in the identification of normal and neoplastic epithelial cells and aid in the differentiation of lung adenocarcinoma and mesothelioma. It may be used as part of a panel of IHC studies. The staining pattern is membranous and/or cytoplasmic.

1. Herreros-Pomares A, Aguilar-Gallardo C, Calabuig-Farinas S, et al. Epcam Duality Becomes This Molecule in a New Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde Tale. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2018;126:52-63.
2. Keller L, Werner S, Pantel K. Biology and Clinical Relevance of Epcam. Cell Stress. 2019;3(6):165-180.
3. Ordonez NG. Broad-Spectrum Immunohistochemical Epithelial Markers: A Review. Hum Pathol. 2013;44(7):1195-1215.
4. Appella E, Weber IT, Blasi F. Structure and Function of Epidermal Growth Factor- Like Regions in Proteins. FEBS Lett. 1988;231(1):1-4.
5. Schnell U, Cirulli V, Giepmans BN. Epcam: Structure and Function in Health and Disease. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2013;1828(8):1989-2001.
6. Huang L, Yang Y, Yang F, et al. Functions of Epcam in Physiological Processes and Diseases (Review). Int J Mol Med. 2018;42(4):1771-1785.
7. Maetzel D, Denzel S, Mack B, et al. Nuclear Signalling by Tumour-Associated Antigen Epcam. Nat Cell Biol. 2009;11(2):162-171.
8. Martowicz A, Seeber A, Untergasser G. The Role of Epcam in Physiology and Pathology of the Epithelium. Histol Histopathol. 2016;31(4):349-355.
9. Munz M, Kieu C, Mack B, et al. The Carcinoma-Associated Antigen Epcam Upregulates C-Myc and Induces Cell Proliferation. Oncogene. 2004;23(34):5748- 5758.
10. Osta WA, Chen Y, Mikhitarian K, et al. Epcam Is Overexpressed in Breast Cancer and Is a Potential Target for Breast Cancer Gene Therapy. Cancer Res. 2004;64(16):5818-5824. 11. Chaves-Perez A, Mack B, Maetzel D, et al. Epcam Regulates Cell Cycle Progression Via Control of Cyclin D1 Expression. Oncogene. 2013;32(5):641-650.
12. Kuechlin S, Schoels M, Slanchev K, et al. Epcam Controls Morphogenetic Programs During Zebrafish Pronephros Development. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2017;487(2):209-215.", "Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Background Information" }, { "Name": "Principle", "Value": "The anti-Epithelial Related Antigen (MOC-31) antibody binds to EpCAM (Epithelial Related Antigen)in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue sections. This antibody can be visualized using ultraView Universal DAB Detection Kit (Cat. No. 760-500 / 05269806001). Refer to the respective method sheet for further information.
 ", "Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Principle" }, { "Name": "Product Purpose", "Value": "Anti-Epithelial Related Antigen (MOC-31) Mouse Monoclonal Primary Antibody is intended for laboratory use in the qualitative immunohistochemical detection of epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) by light microscopy in sections of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue stained on a BenchMark IHC/ISH instrument.

This product should be interpreted by a qualified pathologist in conjunction with histological examination, relevant clinical information, and proper controls.

This antibody is intended for in vitro diagnostic (IVD) use.  ", "Language": "en", "Country": "XG", "Code": "Product Purpose" } ] } } ] }